showing the working

← CLPS

The business behind the dividend

MeasureCLPSMedianFormula
Return on equity-12.7%10.6%Net income ÷ shareholders’ equity
Return on capital employed-6.3%10.0%Operating income ÷ (equity + total debt)
Owner earnings$-6.43m$120.90mNet income + depreciation & amortisation − capital expenditure
Free cash flow$-3.80m$155.08mOperating cash flow − capital expenditure
Operating margin-3.3%14.3%Operating income ÷ revenue
Net margin-4.3%10.1%Net income ÷ revenue
Debt to equity0.54x0.73xTotal debt ÷ shareholders’ equity
Interest cover-11.15x4.22xOperating income ÷ interest expense
Current ratio1.58x1.55xCurrent assets ÷ current liabilities
Long-term debt to working capitalLong-term debt ÷ (current assets − current liabilities)
Cash conversionOperating cash flow ÷ net income
Accruals-3.8%-3.1%(Net income − operating cash flow) ÷ total assets

Not computed here: Cash conversion, Long-term debt to working capital — why a blank is not a zero.

Ten years of it

The same measures, for every year the filings support. One year is a fact; a row is a business.

Measure2025202420232022202120202019201820172016Median
Return on equity-12.7%-3.7%0.3%6.7%11.8%11.3%-16.5%15.0%46.0%42.4%6.7%
Return on capital employed-6.3%-3.0%0.1%9.1%14.5%11.7%-13.5%0.1%
Operating margin-3.3%-1.8%0.1%4.9%6.6%3.6%-4.8%3.5%5.1%2.1%2.1%
Net margin-4.3%-1.6%0.1%2.9%5.4%3.4%-5.3%5.5%7.1%6.1%2.9%
Debt to equity0.54x0.37x0.16x0.22x0.00x0.00x0.11x0.16x
Current ratio1.58x1.96x2.77x2.53x3.30x2.48x2.64x2.27x1.50x2.48x
Cash conversion0.72x-0.38x1.93x-1.76x0.28x2.50x0.28x