showing the working

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The business behind the dividend

MeasureFFMedianFormula
Return on equity-31.9%10.6%Net income ÷ shareholders’ equity
Return on capital employedOperating income ÷ (equity + total debt)
Owner earnings$-56.99m$120.90mNet income + depreciation & amortisation − capital expenditure
Free cash flow$-45.98m$155.08mOperating cash flow − capital expenditure
Operating margin-55.3%14.3%Operating income ÷ revenue
Net margin-51.6%10.1%Net income ÷ revenue
Debt to equityTotal debt ÷ shareholders’ equity
Interest coverOperating income ÷ interest expense
Current ratio5.67x1.55xCurrent assets ÷ current liabilities
Long-term debt to working capitalLong-term debt ÷ (current assets − current liabilities)
Cash conversionOperating cash flow ÷ net income
Accruals-10.7%-3.1%(Net income − operating cash flow) ÷ total assets

Not computed here: Cash conversion, Debt to equity, Long-term debt to working capital, Return on capital employed — why a blank is not a zero.

Ten years of it

The same measures, for every year the filings support. One year is a fact; a row is a business.

Measure2025202420232022202120202019201820172016Median
Return on equity-31.9%7.5%12.1%5.4%9.1%12.5%18.9%13.7%6.7%16.9%9.1%
Operating margin-55.3%2.6%7.4%4.4%4.0%10.9%31.8%21.8%3.6%14.4%4.4%
Net margin-51.6%6.4%10.2%3.8%8.2%22.8%43.0%18.3%8.5%22.3%8.5%
Current ratio5.67x4.95x7.03x4.88x7.30x10.39x5.81x9.18x8.80x2.81x5.81x
Cash conversion1.60x0.57x3.45x1.68x2.07x0.39x1.61x1.67x1.61x1.61x